Présentation de l'éditeur

In this volume, ownership is defined as the simple fact of being able to describe something as 'mine' or 'yours', and property is distinguished as the discursive field which allows the articulation of attendant rights, relationships, and obligations. Property is often articulated through legalism as a way of thinking that appeals to rules and to generalizing concepts as a way of understanding, responding to, and managing the world around one. An Aristotelian perspective suggests that ownership is the natural state of things and a prerequisite of a true sense of self. An alternative perspective from legal theory puts law at the heart of the origins of property. However, both these points of view are problematic in a wider context, the latter because it rests heavily on Roman law. Anthropological and historical studies enable us to interrogate these assumptions. 

The articles here, ranging from Roman provinces to modern-day piracy in Somalia, address questions such as: How are legal property regimes intertwined with economic, moral-ethical, and political prerogatives? How far do the assumptions of the western philosophical tradition explain property and ownership in other societies? Is the 'bundle of rights' a useful way to think about property? How does legalism negotiate property relationships and interests between communities and individuals? How does the legalism of property respond to the temporalities and materialities of the objects owned? How are property regimes managed by states, and what kinds of conflicts are thus generated? 

Property and ownership cannot be reduced to natural rights, nor do they straightforwardly reflect power relations: the rules through which property is articulated tend to be conceptually subtle. As the fourth volume in the Legalism series, this collection draws on common themes that run throughout the first three volumes: Legalism: Anthropology and History, Legalism: Community and Justice, and Legalism: Rules and Categories consolidating them in a framework that suggests a new approach to legal concepts.

Georgy Kantor is a Fellow and Tutor in Ancient History at St John's College, Oxford.

Tom Lambert is a Fellow in History at Sidney Sussex College, Cambridge.

Hannah Skoda is an Associate Professor of History at the University of Oxford and a Fellow of St John's College.

Contributors : 

T.M. Charles-Edwards, Emeritus Fellow, formerly Professor of Celtic Studies at Jesus College, Oxford
Jatin Dua, Assistant Professor in Anthropology at the University of Michigan, Ann Arbor
Matthew Erie, Associate Professor of Modern Chinese Studies, University of Oxford
Walter Rech, postdoctoral researcher, Erik Castrén Institute of International Law and Human Rights, University of Helsinki
Judith Scheele, social anthropologist and post-doctoral research fellow, All Souls College, Oxford
William Wheeler, PhD in Anthropology, Goldsmiths College, University of London

Sommaire

Introduction - Property and Ownership: an Overview, Georgy Kantor, Tom Lambert , and Hannah Skoda
1: Cows and the Shariah in the Abéché Customary Court (eastern Chad), Judith Scheele
2: Property in Land in Roman Provinces, Georgy Kantor
3: Property and Possession in Medieval Celtic Societies, T.M. Charles-Edwards
4: The Afterlife of Property: Affect, Time, Value, Matthew Erie
5: Jurisdiction as Property in England, 900-1100, Tom Lambert
6: 'Everything Belongs to God': Sayyid Qutb's Theory of Property and Social Justice, Walter Rech
7: A Sea of Profit: Making Property in the Western Indian Ocean, Jatin Dua
8: Fish as Property on the Small Aral Sea, Kazakhstan, William Wheeler
9: People as Property in Medieval Dubrovnik, Hannah Skoda